Spring suspension



July 22, 1952 E. KOLLER SPRING SUSPENSION:

Filed March 25, 1947 FIG].

Inventor Er-7 62 M2261 5 2L I A E- y:

Patented July 22, 1952 SPRING SUSPENSION 'Ernst Koller, Basel,Switzerland Application March 25, 1947,'Serial No. 737,009 InSwitzerland April 10, 1946 g 4 Claims. (01. 267-21) This inventionrelates-to a spring suspension of the axle bearings for road vehicles,more particularly for trailers having the wheel axle rockably connectedto the framebya link member, the arrangement being characterised by thefeature, that the supporting spring system disposed between the wheelaxle and the frame consists of two springs stressed in tension, thedirections, in which the forces of these springs act, forming an anglewith one another and of which springs at least one is constructed as arubber spring. Through such a supporting spring system an efi'ectivedamping of the vibrations, when driving over inequalities of the ground,may be obtained, more particularly by so constructing and disposing thetwo springs that at least at the static normal load the ratio of thespring force component lying in the momentary direction of displacementof the point of attachment of the spring at the axle to the componentlying at right angles thereto is in the case of one rubber spring,mainly acting as a supporting spring, greater than in the case of theother spring, mainly acting as a damping spring.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing by way ofexample.

Fig. 1 shows a side elevation,

Fig. 2 a plan view and Fig. 3 a cross-section through one spring on theline AB of Fig. 1.

According to Fig. 1 the upper frame member I is connected to the lowerframe member la of the side of the frame, provided with the tractionbars 2 and supporting the wheel 3 in a swingable manner, by the middlevertical struts 4 and 5. To the upper part of the strut 5 is fixed thebearing 6 for the axle arm member I, on the unsupported end of which ismounted the axle holder to for the wheel axle 3. Fixed to the axleholder to is the yoke 8 which is provided in the upper part with thesuspension pin 9 and in the lower part with the suspension pin l0. Overthe pin 9 is slipped, as is to be seen more particularly in Fig. 3, thebearing bush H which is embraced by the rubber strap consisting of aplurality of superposed single straps. The rubber strap is composed ofthe inner three single straps [6 of equal width, and of the outer singlestraps 1 6a, also of equal width. On the pin [0 which may be providedwith a bearing bush similar to the pin 9 is mounted the tension spring11. This spring consists of two single straps. The two tension springsembrace at their lower end the suspension pins [2 and [3 respectively,which are fixed to the frame, so as to be adjustable with respect to it,by means of the 2 tensioning devices consisting of screw bolts l 4 andIS, the tensioning bolt IE to a projection at the lower end of the strut5 and the tensioning bolt i 4 directly in the 'lo werpart of the strut4.

As will be seen iromliig. 1, the supporting spring system disposedbetween the wheel axle I B and the frame consists of two tensionsprings, the directions, in which the forces of these springs act,forming an angle with one another. It is not essential, however, thatboth tension springs shall consist of rubber springs, only one,preferably that attached to the strut 4, being constructed as a rubberspring. It will also be seen, that the two springs are so constructedand disposed that at least at the static normal load, corresponding tothe position of the axle in Fig. l, the ratio of the spring forcecomponent lying in the momentary direction of displacement of the pointof attachment of the spring at the axle, the component T1, to thecomponent T2 lying at right angles thereto is in the case of the rubberspring I6, [6a, acting mainly as a supporting spring, greater than theratio of the corresponding components D1 and D2 in the case of the othertension spring l'l, acting mainly as a damping spring,

The spring arrangement is furthermore such that, at least at thegreatest spring deflection, indicated in Fig. 1 by dot and dash lines,the spring force component Ti lying in the momentary direction ofdisplacement of the point of attachment of the spring is in the case ofthe rubber spring [6, 16a acting mainly as the supporting spring greaterthan the spring force component T2 lying at right angles thereto, whilstthe corresponding component D1 of the other spring I l is smaller thanthe component Dz lying at right angles thereto.

By such an arrangement it is possible to obtain a soft and compensated,noiseless springing with good vibration damping. Instead of beingconnected to the yoke 8, the springs may be connected in a flexiblemanner directly to the axle bearing.

The building up of the rubber spring straps out of a greater or smallernumber of single straps has the advantage, that, by increasing orreducing the number of single straps, the spring forces can readily beadapted to the given conditions. Preferably, the rubber spring 16, lfiaacting mainly as the supporting spring will have a greater carryingpower and will therefore consist of a greater number of single strapsthan the other spring.

I claim:

1. A spring suspension arrangement for the wheel axles and frames ofroad vehicles and particularly trailers, comprising an arm rockablyconnected to the frame at one end and the other end being formed as anaxle holder, the wheel axle being mounted on said axle holder and tworubber tension springs connected to the axle holder and the frame, oneof the springs being mounted at an angle relative to the horizontal atone side and the other spring mounted at a different oblique angletoward the other side, both springs being load bearing.

2. A spring suspension arrangement according to claim 1, in which atleast at the static normal load the steeper spring has a greater ratioof their force component lying in the momentary direction ofdisplacement of the point of attachment of the spring at the axle holderto the component lying at right angles thereto than the other spring.

3. A spring suspension arrangement according to claim l, in which thegreatest spring defiection the spring force component'lying in themomentary direction of displacement of the point of attachment of thesprings is for the steeper spring greater than thespring force componentlying at right angles thereto, whereas for the ERNST KOLLER.

! REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

"L'TN'ITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,904,220 Gzupkaytie Apr. 18,1933 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 416,121 Germany July 8, 1925442,591 Great Britain Feb. 7-, 1936 810,850 France Jan, 6, 1937 833,285France July 18, 1938

